About Joseph Eichler and West Coast Modernism

Real estate developer Joseph L. Eichler was not an architect, but he revolutionized residential architecture. In the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, many suburban tract homes in the United States were modeled after Eichler Houses built by Joseph Eichlers firm. You dont have to be an architecture to have an impact on architecture! Background: Born: June 25, 1901 to European Jewish parents in New York City Died: July 25, 1974 Education: Business degree from New York University Early Career: As a young man, Joseph Eichler worked for a San Francisco-based poultry business owned by his wifes family. Eichler became treasurer for the company and moved to California in 1940. Influences: For three years, Eichler and his family rented Frank Lloyd Wrights 1941 Usonian style Bazett House in Hillsborough, California. The family business was facing a scandal, so Eichler launched a new career in real estate. At first Eichler constructed conventional homes. Then Eichler hired several architects to apply Frank Lloyd Wrights ideas to suburban tract homes for middle class families. A business partner, Jim San Jule, helped craft shrewd publicity. An expert photographer, Ernie Braun, created the images that promoted Eichler Homes as carefree and sophisticated. About Eichler Homes: Between the 1949 and 1974, Joseph Eichlers company, Eichler Homes, constructed about 11,000 houses in California and three houses in New York state. Most of the West Coast homes were in the San Francisco area, but three tracts, including Balboa Highlands, were developed near Los Angeles and remain popular to this day. Eichler was not an architect, but he sought out some of the best designers of the day. For example, the celebrated A. Quincy Jones was one of Eichlers architects. Today, Eichler neighborhoods like the one at Granada Hills in San Fernando Valley have been designated historic districts. The Significance of Eichler: Eichlers company developed what became known as the California modern style, but he also was instrumental in the growing Civil Rights movement. Eichler became known for advocating fair housing during an era when builders and realtors often refused to sell homes to minorities. In 1958, Eichler resigned from the National Association of Home Builders to protest the organizations policies of racial discrimination. In the end, Joseph Eichlers social and artistic ideals cut into business profits. The value of Eichler Homes declined. Eichler sold his company in 1967, but continued to build houses until he died in 1974. Learn More: More About Eichler Homes Eichler Homes: Design for Living by Jerry Ditto, 1995Eichler: Modernism Rebuilds the American Dream by Paul Adamson, 2002People in Glass Houses: The Legacy of Joseph Eichler (DVD) References: History of Eichler Homes, Eichler NetworkSaving the Tract House by Karrie Jacobs, The New York Times, May 15, 2005 Additional Source: Pacific Coast Architecture Database at https://digital.lib.washington.edu/architect/architects/528/ [accessed November 19, 2014]

Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples - 975 Words

A third consideration in regard with the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples is the meaning of sovereignty. The discourse on sovereignty is obscure and non-reflexive. It situates itself somewhere between moral axiology, social ideology and political and legal authority. The link between sovereignty and politics within the public discourse often mask oppressive power relations between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people (Prokhovnik, 2015). Furthermore, the mainstream political discourse undoubtedly takes sovereignty â€Å"as though it really were an uncontested foundation†, which erases the significance of the Indigenous as the first nations (Prokhovnik, 2015, p. 415). For the settlers, perhaps their self-importance as imperialists was more valued than embracing new notions of nationalism (Ward, 2001). For them, the establishment of colonies represented the expression of the external power of sovereign European states, even if only possible as a result of conq uest, and their colonies â€Å"were considered sufficient justification for the imposition of sovereign power† (Patton, 1996, p. 149). Unfortunately, this unresolved ambivalence about the colonisation of Australia has also left the peoples of this country with an ambivalent identity (Connors, 2001). The ‘white-Australian’ sovereignty was first granted by an Act of the Parliament of the UK in 1901, then was recognised as an independent dominion in 1931 (Prokhovnik, 2015). In 1948, through CommonwealthShow MoreRelatedAboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples1456 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are the oldest surviving culture in the world. They have occupied Australia for at least 65,000 years. Their cultures are complex and diverse. †¢ The reason Aboriginal cultures have survived for so long is their ability to adapt and change over time. †¢ It was this affinity with their surroundings that goes a long way to explaining how Aboriginal people survived for so many millennia. †¢ In Australia, Indigenous communities keep their cultural heritageRead MoreAboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People Essay1562 Words   |  7 Pages Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are a distinct traditional cultural group of the Australian population. The historical wealth of the importance of contribution to country by the Indigenous people of this nation is truly significant. 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Human Activities In Causing Climate Change Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

Climate is altering in a horrid manner. The alteration is influenced both by natural ground and human activities. El Nino, the Earth surface temperature increased, acerb rains and many phenomenons are damaging the environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Activities In Causing Climate Change Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Experts are worried about the rapid altering clime, because the alteration may bring people many large catastrophes. Worldwide people are seeking to happen the solution and salvage humanity. This essay will discourse how human activities contribute to climate alteration, and give some advice how to forestall the Earth. Human activities in doing clime alteration It is clear that human activities accelerate the clime alteration. The first portion of essay will poll 2 human activities that consequence clime alteration. ( 1 ) Burning fossil fuels The Earth surface temperature increasing owe to greenhouse gases, because they carry the short-wave radiation from the Sun to the Earth ( NSW Department of Primary Industries, 2008 ) . Obviously, more nursery gases mean terrible clime alteration. Before demoing the grounds of nursery gases growing, people need to understand what nursery gases are. The ground why people call these gases greenhouse gases is because they work like a glass nursery that heats up with the radiation trapped by the glass ( NSW Department of Primary Industries, 2008 ) . Greenhouse gases are non merely one sort of gas, really it includes ‘water vapour, C dioxide, methane and azotic oxide ‘ ( NSW Department of Primary Industries, 2008:2 ) . Obviously, because of the high-ranking nursery gases concentration, the temperature became higher than earlier. However, firing fossil fuels are the arch-criminal of lifting nursery gases in atmospheric has accelerated. Excessive human emanations besides caused 1 .4 A ; deg ; F gone up in the past century ( Pew Centre on Global Climate Change, 2008b ) . Burning fossil fuels non merely do nursery gases to lend to climate alteration, but besides sulphur dioxide and N oxides. Sulphur dioxide and N oxides contribute to climate alteration because of their ability to make acerb rain. Acid rains which have deadly influences on edifices, trees and animate beings are besides bad for clime ( John, S et Al. 2006 ) . ( 2 ) Overexploitation of the natural resources Apart from firing fossil fuels, the ground why clime alteration in such a fast manner is overuse of the natural resources. The natural resources on the Earth are limited, no affair non-renewable resources or renewable resources. It seems that the turning population of world does non recognize the facts ; people ever exploit more resources than people ‘s demand to do certain the tendency of growing. Conspicuously, overuse the nature resources becomes one portion of causing led to climate alteration. Peoples knows that many day-to-day supplies made from wood, such as documents, some apparels and furniture, ordered more and more trees felled. As antecedently mentioned, nursery gases are bad for clime, and one of the methods to diminish is more workss. Braid can absorb C dioxide, and extenuate the consistence of nursery gases. However, the bad intelligence is that the solution is dissatisfying for overdriving the natural resources. As a consequence, deforestation exacerbates the cl ime. On the other manus, deforestation besides conduces to desertification which contributes on clime alteration. Land debasement can besides take to environmental debasement, poorness, migration and the rhythm of struggle, but besides frequently affected states and parts, political stableness hazards ( UNCCD: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, 2009 ) . Peoples who live here need to disforest to gain money to do unrecorded. Outline farther impairment may be prevented After discoursing the human activities, the 2nd portion of essay will convey frontward 2 solutions that may protect the environment. ( 1 ) Government government As mentioned above, firing fossil fuels is one of the human activities that contribute to climate alteration. Factories create electricity by firing fossil fuels. To work out the jobs, authorities government seems to be an indispensable method. Nowadays, there is an effectual policy that is accepted in Australia and some European states, which named ‘cap and trade ‘ ( Minter-Ellison, 2007 ) . The government relate to ‘electricity coevals, conveyance, industrial procedure, forestry, agribusiness and waste ‘ ( Minter-Ellison, 2007 ) . The policy means authorities will crest the nursery gases emanations for every mill or else. For case, a mill has to pay for the emanations if it emit more nursery gases than the cap, besides a mill can sale its emanations if it emit less nursery gases than the cap. With authorities government, people and mills are encouraged to cut down the step of firing fossil fuels. This is a good illustration for authorities to represent some policies, order emitters prevent environment on their ain inititiative. ( 2 ) Exploit new energy and happen how to utilize the new energy The 2nd solution is to work new energy, and happen how to utilize the new energy. Because people is used to fabricate some fuels by wooden, deforestation is difficult to avoid. Account for the job, to work new energy is at hand. Actually some new energy like air current and solar power have been found for many old ages, but for the bound of scientific discipline, people can non utilize the new energy good. For illustration, people have no thought approximately solar power when it is nebulose. Fortunately, PSEG Global, a company found the method to utilize air current and shop air current. Harmonizing to their proclamation, when air current power beyond the demand of consumer, they will hive away the air current in belowground caverns or in armored combat vehicles. During the peak hours, the stored air current will let go of and go energy ( Davidson, P. 2008 ) . Besides, scientist besides exploited some other new energy and found how to utilize. E-Coal is one sort of new energy which substitutes for coal. E-Coal was called no nursery gases emanation fuel, because it was made by biomass, though E-Coal liberate C dioxide when combustion, E-Coal can absorb equal C dioxide during their life ( Davidson, P. 2008 ) . In decision, human activities like firing fossil fuels and overdriving the natural resources changed climate a batch. Merely nowadays people are cognizant of the importance of environmental, and get down to work out the jobs. Government and scientists have been working to happen the solution. Everyone lives in the Earth, so everybody has to make their best to protect environment. ( 950 words ) How to cite Human Activities In Causing Climate Change Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Parts Emporium Help Essay Example For Students

Parts Emporium Help Essay The total of these two costs for the gasket is reduced by 26 percent (from $846 to $627) per year. The safety stock with the proposed plan may be higher than the current plan, if the reason tort the excess back orders is that no safety stock is now being held (inaccurate inventory records or a faulty replenishment system are other explanations). We cannot determine the satiety stock level (it any) in the current system. The extra cost of safety stock for the proposed system is minimal, however. Only seven gaskets are being proposed as safety stock, and heir annual holding cost is just another 518517) $12. 95. Surely the lost sales due to back orders are substantial with the current plan and will be much less with the proposed plan. One symptom of such losses is that II units are on back order in week 21. A lost sale costs a minimum of $4. 15 per gasket (0. 32. 0 $12. 99). If 10 percent Of annual sales were lost with the current policy, this cost would be $4. 16(0. 1 = $2,206 per year. Such a loss would be much reduced with the cycle-service level implemented With the proposed plan. DEBBY Drive Belt The following demand estimates are based on weeks 13 through 21 Weeks 11 and 12 are excluded from the analysis because the new products start-up makes them unrepresentative. We find the EGO as follows: Weekly demand average 52 belts/week Annual demand (D) 52(52) 2704 belts Holding cost $0. 97 per belt per year (or 0. 21 D 0. 52 0 $8. 89) Ordering cost SIS per order Turning now to R, where z remains at 1. 65, we use the data in the 08032 table to find: Standard deviation in weekly demand = 1,76 belts Standard deviation in demand during lead time belts Average demand during the lead time Safety stock = 3(52) + 1. 65(3. 05) = 161. 03, or 161 belts After developing their plan, students again can compare the cost for the belts with what would be experienced With current policies. Cost Category 5 27 $115 $512 5229 With the belt, the total of these two costs is reduced by 55 percent. The satiety stock with the proposed plan may be higher than the current system, as with the gaskets, but added cost tort safety stock is only $0. 97(5) $4. 85. The big cost once gain is the lost sales due to back orders with the current plan, A 10th sale costs a minimum of $4. 27 per belt (0. 48 C $8. 89). If 10 percent of annual sales were lost, the cost with the current policy would be IS,SIS, Such a loss would be much less with the 95% cycle-service level implemented with the proposed plan.